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Treatment
Introduction
The Institut Kanser MAKNA-Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (IKM-UHKM) located on the first floor of HUKM is know as "Wad Oncologi Tengku Ampuan Afzan". It is a ward that caters to patients receiving treatment for cancer, especially chemotherapy. The ward has 28 beds which included two isolation rooms. There are 14 beds for male patients and another 14 for female patients, all done in cubicle style. Patients with low immunity and with contagious disease are placed in the isolation rooms.
Types of Treatment
| 1. Chemotherapy |
| Chemotherapy is the process of using anti-cancer drugs to stop cells from dividing and multiplying. It is used when the cancer has spread to other organs. Chemotherapy is administered via three methods. |
| Oral |
| Intravenous |
| - Bolus chemotherapy - given through injections for 30 to 45 minutes. |
| - Infused chemotherapy - given through intravenous drips (2 hours) |
| Injections |
| - intramuscular |
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| 2. Radiotherapy |
| This method uses high dosage radiation specially to kill the cancer cells of the organ treated. It is not painful and takes only a few minutes. This treatment is done either externally or internally. |
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| 3. Concurrent Treatment (Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy) |
| Refers to a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment for a specific period of time. |
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| 4. Brachytherapy (Internal Radiotherapy) |
| This treatment uses a radioactive source at close range, either from a sealed source placed close to the location of the cancer or directly in the cancer of the organ involved. |
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| 5. Palliative Care |
| This is a form of medical care or treatment that concentrates on reducing the severity of symptoms. Administration is focused more towards personal care. |
| Admission |
Patients admitted to the Tengku Ampaun Afzan Oncology Ward are not through direct admissions. Rather, they are patients from the radiotherapy and Oncology Unit of HUKM, the Accident and Emergency Unit or referred to from hospitals or clinics outside HUKM. However, they are required to obtain approval from a Specialist or Medical Doctor from the Radiotherapy and Oncology Ward. |
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| Ward Operations |
| Radiotherapy treatments are dispensed daily for five days a week and patients are given leave on Saturdays and Sundays. For patients undergoing chemotherapy, treatment is given to the regime as instructed by the Medical Office on duty. |
Brachytherapy treatment on the other hand, is given once a week for three consecutive weeks to the patients. For those receiving palliative care, treatment will be administered according to their symptoms. When eventually discharged by the Medical Officer, they are referred to Hospital Malaysia (special case who needs special attention). |
Staffing consists of:
| Oncologist |
: |
2 |
| Medical Officer |
: |
2 |
| Nursing Manager |
: |
1 |
| Nursing Sister |
: |
1 |
| Staff Nurse |
: |
15 |
| Assistant Nurse |
: |
1 |
| Ward Clerk |
: |
1 |
| Medical Attendant |
: |
7 |
| Cleaners |
: |
1 |
The number of cases as seen in then Oncology Department HUKM from 1999 to 2007
Year |
Oncology |
Radiotherapy |
1999 |
3833 |
7659 |
2000 |
4441 |
7809 |
2001 |
6240 |
6662 |
2002 |
5688 |
7083 |
2003 |
5430 |
8414 |
2004 |
4745 |
8666 |
2005 |
5234 |
8377 |
2006 |
5732 |
7072 |
2007(Jan-Aug) |
3658 |
3347 |
Total |
45001 |
65089 |
The number of cases as seen in then Oncology Department HUKM in 2007
Report for Month End 30 September 2007
Tengku Ampuan Afzan Oncology Ward
Number of Patients Admitted at Oncology Ward - 2007
Month |
Male |
Female |
Total |
January |
50 |
41 |
91 |
February |
41 |
32 |
73 |
March |
47 |
51 |
98 |
April |
47 |
56 |
103 |
May |
44 |
54 |
98 |
June |
39 |
49 |
88 |
July |
37 |
42 |
79 |
August |
27 |
57 |
84 |
September |
41 |
37 |
78 |
TOTAL |
373 |
419 |
792 |
Number of Patients Days at Oncology Ward - 2007
Month |
Total Cases(Patient Days) |
January |
582 |
February |
463 |
March |
527 |
April |
539 |
May |
568 |
June |
403 |
July |
287 |
August |
289 |
September |
362 |
TOTAL |
4020 |
Radiotherapy Services Centre
Number of Patients/Cases at Radiotherapy Services Centre - 2007
Month |
No of New Patients |
No of Treated Patients |
No of Treated Cases |
January |
30 |
38 |
509 |
February |
37 |
40 |
565 |
March |
45 |
49 |
805 |
April |
40 |
43 |
679 |
May |
34 |
40 |
678 |
June |
6 |
7 |
111 |
July |
0 |
0 |
0 |
August |
0 |
0 |
0 |
September |
32 |
36 |
240 |
TOTAL |
224 |
253 |
3587 |
*Radiotherapy Service Center Equipment was under maintenance. Patients are sent to nearby hospitals for treatment.
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